# 9702/13 May/June 2016

> 9702/13 May/June 2016: 40 questions, 40 marks. Difficulty 0.28, deviation 0.12, algebraic 0.24, text density 0.29. CIE IAL Physics 9702 P1.

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CIE IAL · Physics · 2016 May/June

This Physics 9702 Paper 1 (Multiple Choice) paper contains 40 questions worth 40 marks. The profile below reports five mark-weighted difficulty and complexity measures, and every question row repeats them. Full question text and mark scheme open in the Interactive Practice Hub.

- CIE IAL
- 9702 P1
- 40 questions
- 40 marks
- Free paper
- [Practise this paper](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b)
- [All 9702 P1 papers](https://www.examsci.com/past-papers/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/)

Core finding

**9702/13 May/June 2016 is a past paper for CIE IAL Physics 9702 Paper 1 (Multiple Choice), with 40 questions worth 40 marks.** Its mark-weighted Difficulty Measure is 0.28 on a 0.20–0.75 scale, with a Difficulty Deviation of 0.12 and a mark split of 67.5% Easy, 32.5% Medium and 0.0% Hard. Algebraic complexity averages 0.24; text density and modelling average 0.29. All five measures use 40 part-level tags, not candidate results. Every question row below repeats them and opens the Interactive Practice Hub for that question.

## Difficulty & complexity profile

All five measures are mark-weighted and calculated from 40 parts carrying 40 part marks. Difficulty tags cover 40 parts, algebraic tags 40 and text-density tags 40. Tags are internal metadata, not official exam-board ratings.

- **Difficulty Measure**: 0.28 — 0.20–0.75 · nearer Easy
- **Difficulty Deviation**: 0.12 — 0 = uniform; higher = more mixed
- **Difficulty Ratio**: 67.5 / 32.5 / 0.0 — % Easy / Medium / Hard
- **Algebraic Complexity Measure**: 0.24 — 0.20–0.75 · nearer Low
- **Text Density and Modelling Measure**: 0.29 — 0.20–0.75 · nearer Low

Scale: Easy 0.20 · Medium 0.45 · Hard 0.75, and Low 0.20 · Medium 0.45 · High 0.75 for the two complexity measures. [How each band is defined and how the values are calculated →](https://www.examsci.com/guides/difficulty-and-complexity-measures/)

### Definitions and calculation

| Measure | Paper value | Formula |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Difficulty Measure** | 0.28 | Σ(d_i × w_i) / Σw_i, with d = 0.20 / 0.45 / 0.75 |
| **Difficulty Deviation** | 0.12 | √(Σw_i(d_i − μ)^2 / Σw_i) |
| **Difficulty Ratio** | 67.5% Easy / 32.5% Medium / 0.0% Hard | marks in band / all tagged marks |
| **Algebraic Complexity Measure** | 0.24 | Σ(c_i × marks_i) / Σmarks_i, with c = 0.20 / 0.45 / 0.75 |
| **Text Density and Modelling Measure** | 0.29 | Σ(t_i × marks_i) / Σmarks_i, with t = 0.20 / 0.45 / 0.75 |

w_i equals the part marks, except for a Hard part worth 4 or more marks, where w_i = marks^0.75 to offset the accessible starter steps inside long structured questions.

## Question list

Each measure is recalculated from the parts of that question and uses the same weights as the paper profile.

| Question | Topic | Marks | Difficulty Measure | Algebraic Complexity Measure | Text Density and Modelling Measure | Practice |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Q1** FRQ | [1.2 SI units](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/si-units/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=707f35d7-3cc2-4c24-aa89-c6e22d2a428b&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q2** FRQ | [1.2 SI units](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/si-units/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=a17ce325-340c-4923-8890-1acebebc159e&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q3** FRQ | [1.4 Scalars and vectors](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/scalars-and-vectors/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=936da1bb-3a43-4e13-9fa1-d322984a6c93&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q4** FRQ | [2.2 Errors and uncertainties](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/errors-and-uncertainties/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=5596db38-7ad6-4287-bfab-c470978627fa&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q5** FRQ | [2.1 Measurements](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=a95a960e-452a-437c-bd53-770fe4717aea&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q6** FRQ | [3.1 Equations of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equations-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=99cb380f-3983-416a-958c-0c67fc1f60e4&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q7** FRQ | [3.1 Equations of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equations-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=25303a4d-de01-409a-bf1f-0888469e9798&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q8** FRQ | [3.1 Equations of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equations-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=2c131943-3f47-4d53-8563-dbaf80ae4707&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q9** FRQ | [4.3 Linear momentum and its conservation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/linear-momentum-and-its-conservation/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=084e48f1-ab84-4b34-a911-3feb6d975eff&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q10** FRQ | [4.3 Linear momentum and its conservation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/linear-momentum-and-its-conservation/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=e7c2ee09-54f9-40eb-b7a6-38999a9abb1e&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q11** FRQ | [4.1 Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/momentum-and-newton-s-laws-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=6029de1f-010e-4d77-94b7-1c2b4838775c&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q12** FRQ | [5.3 Equilibrium of forces](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equilibrium-of-forces/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=1cc1078c-5760-40f5-bf42-90b7b6ae26c8&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q13** FRQ | [5.1 Types of force](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=b505ce47-e64a-49d7-b67a-3dff23446165&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q14** FRQ | [5.2 Turning effects of forces](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/turning-effects-of-forces/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=a3e87391-47fe-4b8e-a0af-c2b0a736f2d4&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q15** FRQ | [5.4 Density and pressure](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/density-and-pressure/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=a078352d-172e-4a08-a8d7-545f912e8c31&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q16** FRQ | [6.1 Energy conversion and conservation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=f583b5a1-1475-4a7c-9bd7-404ee9819802&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q17** FRQ | [6.1 Energy conversion and conservation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=aacbaf6c-9ad9-4baf-b9b8-8c2ffcbc037e&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q18** FRQ | [6.4 Power](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=bdc8b92d-0a6c-4d3b-bfba-3e1691cc0d4c&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q19** FRQ | [6.2 Work and efficiency](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=4a738bff-abab-438d-87ca-5382c9de8349&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q20** FRQ | [9.2 Elastic and plastic behaviour](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/elastic-and-plastic-behaviour/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=53e6167e-4d60-41eb-ac81-1a9c007ce9d0&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q21** FRQ | [9.1 Stress and strain](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/stress-and-strain/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=5d8ecfab-7096-48b0-b7cb-6658425dc9a8&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q22** FRQ | [9.1 Stress and strain](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/stress-and-strain/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=b5693c15-cf84-4083-ac16-bf2a31446d95&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q23** FRQ | [1.1 Physical quantities](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/physical-quantities/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=00b4d61a-f9c3-4007-8369-f0e0a4d927a3&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q24** FRQ | [14.4 Doppler effect](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=1052c4d2-1864-4dfc-8cf8-a2c6616163f2&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q25** FRQ | [14.1 Progressive waves](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/progressive-waves/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=87ab3cce-ab9a-4899-a989-30ea835ad15b&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q26** FRQ | [15.2 Diffraction](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/diffraction/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=c8fde18d-4658-455a-b4c3-5df598a63907&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q27** FRQ | [15.4 Diffraction gratings](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=82081e88-c855-411e-adaf-7a17bf9149fe&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q28** FRQ | [15.3 Interference, two-source interference](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=c127b9cb-e878-444c-8e5a-a2603ee91a93&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q29** FRQ | [17.1 Concept of an electric field](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=f585993e-6209-460b-a3d0-fe080bb81825&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q30** FRQ | [17.2 Uniform electric fields](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=3a372385-b234-47f7-acfb-629732d51b17&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q31** FRQ | [19.1 Electric current](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/electric-current/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=bd988520-2319-4c73-b898-d82efd513a1f&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q32** FRQ | [19.3 Resistance and resistivity](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/resistance-and-resistivity/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=40893c77-578f-48e2-939b-82f6ff3c8260&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q33** FRQ | [19.2 Potential difference and power](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/potential-difference-and-power/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=0f1855bc-68e6-4129-a2f2-9085795786a4&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q34** FRQ | [19.3 Resistance and resistivity](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/resistance-and-resistivity/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=b68436b7-f9b2-4f46-9d02-3eab69d0825c&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q35** FRQ | [20.2 Kirchhoff’s laws](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/kirchhoff-s-laws/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=a2f515c5-7ec2-4b5e-accf-205631770c42&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q36** FRQ | [20.3 Potential dividers](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/potential-dividers/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=a6a52a81-b449-472e-a4b7-20953837f925&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q37** FRQ | [20.1 Practical circuits](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/practical-circuits/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=1bb1d982-7801-4f91-9cd0-44b9f6375ec6&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q38** FRQ | [26.1 Atoms, nuclei and radiation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/atoms-nuclei-and-radiation/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=2d92a186-dabe-48ed-b2de-3f7aeda57d94&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q39** FRQ | [26.1 Atoms, nuclei and radiation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/atoms-nuclei-and-radiation/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=6211a5b6-e355-4a72-b9cd-9fa018593a66&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |
| **Q40** FRQ | [26.2 Fundamental particles](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/fundamental-particles/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=78f9ea6b-418e-4cb2-86bb-1f4d7dc65f3b&question_id=e4e679be-9ec7-49d0-b75b-31541bc9c457&source_detail=9702%2F13+May%2FJune+2016) |

## Topics in this paper

- [1.2 SI units](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/si-units/)
- [1.4 Scalars and vectors](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/scalars-and-vectors/)
- [2.2 Errors and uncertainties](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/errors-and-uncertainties/)
- [2.1 Measurements](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/)
- [3.1 Equations of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equations-of-motion/)
- [4.3 Linear momentum and its conservation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/linear-momentum-and-its-conservation/)
- [4.1 Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/momentum-and-newton-s-laws-of-motion/)
- [5.4 Density and pressure](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/density-and-pressure/)
- [5.3 Equilibrium of forces](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equilibrium-of-forces/)
- [5.1 Types of force](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/)
- [5.2 Turning effects of forces](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/turning-effects-of-forces/)
- [6.1 Energy conversion and conservation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/)

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## Paper FAQ

**How are the difficulty and complexity measures calculated?**

Each part is weighted by its official marks. Difficulty uses Easy 0.20, Medium 0.45 and Hard 0.75; algebraic complexity and text density and modelling use Low 0.20, Medium 0.45 and High 0.75. A Hard part worth 4 or more marks is down-weighted to marks^0.75, so the accessible starter steps inside a long structured question do not inflate the difficulty result. This paper's Difficulty Measure is 0.28 from 40 parts.

**What does the Difficulty Deviation show?**

It is the mark-weighted standard deviation of the part difficulty values around the paper mean. A value of 0 would mean every tagged part has the same difficulty; this paper's deviation is 0.12, so its parts are more mixed than a single-level paper.

**Is the Difficulty Ratio based on question counts or marks?**

It is based on official marks, not question counts. This paper's shares are 67.5% Easy, 32.5% Medium and 0.0% Hard; the three shares sum to 100% before rounding.

**Are these official difficulty ratings?**

No. They are derived from the platform's part-level difficulty and static-question-profile tags. They are not exam-board grade boundaries and are not calculated from candidate outcomes. Use them to compare the demand profile of papers, not to predict a grade.

**Why does each question row show its own measures?**

Each row recalculates the same mark-weighted formula from that question's parts. A single-part MCQ therefore shows the tag value directly, while a multi-part structured question blends the tags of its parts using the same Hard-part decay as the paper profile.

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