# 9702/11 October/November 2016

> 9702/11 October/November 2016: 40 questions, 40 marks. Difficulty 0.34, deviation 0.14, algebraic 0.26, text density 0.33. CIE IAL Physics 9702 P1.

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CIE IAL · Physics · 2016 October/November

This Physics 9702 Paper 1 (Multiple Choice) paper contains 40 questions worth 40 marks. The profile below reports five mark-weighted difficulty and complexity measures, and every question row repeats them. Full question text and mark scheme open in the Interactive Practice Hub.

- CIE IAL
- 9702 P1
- 40 questions
- 40 marks
- Free paper
- [Practise this paper](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2)
- [All 9702 P1 papers](https://www.examsci.com/past-papers/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/)

Core finding

**9702/11 October/November 2016 is a past paper for CIE IAL Physics 9702 Paper 1 (Multiple Choice), with 40 questions worth 40 marks.** Its mark-weighted Difficulty Measure is 0.34 on a 0.20–0.75 scale, with a Difficulty Deviation of 0.14 and a mark split of 47.5% Easy, 50.0% Medium and 2.5% Hard. Algebraic complexity averages 0.26; text density and modelling average 0.33. All five measures use 40 part-level tags, not candidate results. Every question row below repeats them and opens the Interactive Practice Hub for that question.

## Difficulty & complexity profile

All five measures are mark-weighted and calculated from 40 parts carrying 40 part marks. Difficulty tags cover 40 parts, algebraic tags 40 and text-density tags 40. Tags are internal metadata, not official exam-board ratings.

- **Difficulty Measure**: 0.34 — 0.20–0.75 · nearer Medium
- **Difficulty Deviation**: 0.14 — 0 = uniform; higher = more mixed
- **Difficulty Ratio**: 47.5 / 50.0 / 2.5 — % Easy / Medium / Hard
- **Algebraic Complexity Measure**: 0.26 — 0.20–0.75 · nearer Low
- **Text Density and Modelling Measure**: 0.33 — 0.20–0.75 · nearer Medium

Scale: Easy 0.20 · Medium 0.45 · Hard 0.75, and Low 0.20 · Medium 0.45 · High 0.75 for the two complexity measures. [How each band is defined and how the values are calculated →](https://www.examsci.com/guides/difficulty-and-complexity-measures/)

### Definitions and calculation

| Measure | Paper value | Formula |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Difficulty Measure** | 0.34 | Σ(d_i × w_i) / Σw_i, with d = 0.20 / 0.45 / 0.75 |
| **Difficulty Deviation** | 0.14 | √(Σw_i(d_i − μ)^2 / Σw_i) |
| **Difficulty Ratio** | 47.5% Easy / 50.0% Medium / 2.5% Hard | marks in band / all tagged marks |
| **Algebraic Complexity Measure** | 0.26 | Σ(c_i × marks_i) / Σmarks_i, with c = 0.20 / 0.45 / 0.75 |
| **Text Density and Modelling Measure** | 0.33 | Σ(t_i × marks_i) / Σmarks_i, with t = 0.20 / 0.45 / 0.75 |

w_i equals the part marks, except for a Hard part worth 4 or more marks, where w_i = marks^0.75 to offset the accessible starter steps inside long structured questions.

## Question list

Each measure is recalculated from the parts of that question and uses the same weights as the paper profile.

| Question | Topic | Marks | Difficulty Measure | Algebraic Complexity Measure | Text Density and Modelling Measure | Practice |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Q1** FRQ | [1.1 Physical quantities](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/physical-quantities/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=e41d1f28-23a5-4f2c-89a2-169d5d5754d4&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q2** FRQ | [1.2 SI units](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/si-units/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=18420f9d-a7be-46c6-bd6e-6c51e17be860&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q3** FRQ | [1.4 Scalars and vectors](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/scalars-and-vectors/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=80ca55be-f2fb-48c2-937a-46ec37b2132c&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q4** FRQ | [2.1 Measurements](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=ab8599ca-9f3b-493b-a702-f6924829a404&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q5** FRQ | [2.1 Measurements](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=f1c83070-eb98-44bf-adc9-02225138b28c&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q6** FRQ | [3.1 Equations of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equations-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=660702ab-5584-43bc-8890-31bd681ec896&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q7** FRQ | [3.1 Equations of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equations-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=139579db-0ca1-4b56-b946-3a70818dc14c&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q8** FRQ | [3.1 Equations of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equations-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=0585153a-981e-426f-8acd-3154094c6571&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q9** FRQ | [3.1 Equations of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equations-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=ff74d350-56ee-4427-99da-d703ff44841b&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q10** FRQ | [4.2 Non-uniform motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/non-uniform-motion/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=e77df092-4480-42f2-933b-943d50313213&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q11** FRQ | [4.1 Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/momentum-and-newton-s-laws-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=61c38fbc-1fad-4bb0-b3aa-1f58037cad49&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q12** FRQ | [4.1 Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/momentum-and-newton-s-laws-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=6fba8b2d-b68a-44d6-be01-0833b98a8ac4&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q13** FRQ | [4.3 Linear momentum and its conservation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/linear-momentum-and-its-conservation/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=e2ae7e69-1617-4b05-aba2-e19b3440316c&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q14** FRQ | [5.4 Density and pressure](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/density-and-pressure/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=79e56fc7-7b01-4a77-812f-d16ace365855&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q15** FRQ | [5.2 Turning effects of forces](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/turning-effects-of-forces/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=859dfd77-965a-4fbb-afca-bd1b42d983a8&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q16** FRQ | [5.2 Turning effects of forces](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/turning-effects-of-forces/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=8d0291b4-6ad3-4b78-b418-700c5d67d55e&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q17** FRQ | [6.2 Work and efficiency](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=f943252c-8d7a-473f-b4c4-d7b6f95db177&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q18** FRQ | [6.1 Energy conversion and conservation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=41f768b1-3c1b-4d47-9447-99c6a9f8b90b&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q19** FRQ | [6.1 Energy conversion and conservation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=e7f13e9f-a3d0-4f06-917b-24a9f074fa48&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q20** FRQ | [6.2 Work and efficiency](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=7366b416-1ded-4ca5-8025-a5ac3d4f338b&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q21** FRQ | [9.2 Elastic and plastic behaviour](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/elastic-and-plastic-behaviour/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=6a127d64-5d30-4df7-af60-1612def041ce&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q22** FRQ | [9.1 Stress and strain](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/stress-and-strain/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=e0126888-f2e1-4a63-8c7c-86e3388d85b6&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q23** FRQ | [14.5 Electromagnetic spectrum](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/electromagnetic-spectrum/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=213cd709-3501-4caa-897f-cd1a80538c89&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q24** FRQ | [14.3 Determination of frequency and wavelength of sound waves](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=7debf81e-def1-4998-846c-0ab3befde2c0&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q25** FRQ | [14.1 Progressive waves](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/progressive-waves/) | 1 | 0.75 Hard | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=24e92123-da35-4fc6-bb4d-f52fb1cd95b9&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q26** FRQ | [14.4 Doppler effect](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=1650f10f-38ae-4d21-b201-399cc73872a0&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q27** FRQ | [15.2 Diffraction](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/diffraction/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=4ab97d5f-92ce-46be-a6d4-6e37495493e1&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q28** FRQ | [14.1 Progressive waves](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/progressive-waves/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=a5c38e04-fe37-4965-8479-505413d091d0&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q29** FRQ | [15.4 Diffraction gratings](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=edba99eb-342b-45fa-a153-cf9fdb770d15&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q30** FRQ | [17.1 Concept of an electric field](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=0ed4a787-d039-445d-bf81-43e7f012eecb&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q31** FRQ | [17.1 Concept of an electric field](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=3d911ba9-62b6-4cf7-85f1-c793a6e50642&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q32** FRQ | [17.2 Uniform electric fields](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=e39b78be-9450-48da-aad5-b4c744c0e32e&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q33** FRQ | [19.2 Potential difference and power](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/potential-difference-and-power/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=8f88c9a7-4527-4eb7-96db-cf764315a854&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q34** FRQ | [19.1 Electric current](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/electric-current/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=a97cf557-1614-4c3d-86e7-f736223fc10a&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q35** FRQ | [1.1 Physical quantities](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/physical-quantities/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=fcced2a1-8ab8-44b0-adaa-62f192c60522&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q36** FRQ | [20.3 Potential dividers](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/potential-dividers/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=b8533cab-94a2-4adc-92cd-148bce8396b0&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q37** FRQ | [20.2 Kirchhoff’s laws](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/kirchhoff-s-laws/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=c44e1902-8691-4ce5-8ba0-50a0e64e6cd8&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q38** FRQ | [26.2 Fundamental particles](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/fundamental-particles/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=2ec61f8a-ce2a-4289-b689-ffac9fd74e08&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q39** FRQ | [26.1 Atoms, nuclei and radiation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/atoms-nuclei-and-radiation/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=8650c764-0438-4738-9039-9fbb2ad39da8&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q40** FRQ | [26.1 Atoms, nuclei and radiation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/atoms-nuclei-and-radiation/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=09f08701-b12c-4af1-812c-c4246907dda2&question_id=abcf7c7b-9ed4-457a-8d94-6d2cbe6a39dd&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2016) |

## Topics in this paper

- [1.1 Physical quantities](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/physical-quantities/)
- [9.1 Stress and strain](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/stress-and-strain/)
- [1.2 SI units](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/si-units/)
- [1.4 Scalars and vectors](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/scalars-and-vectors/)
- [2.1 Measurements](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/)
- [2.2 Errors and uncertainties](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/errors-and-uncertainties/)
- [14.3 Determination of frequency and wavelength of sound waves](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/)
- [3.1 Equations of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equations-of-motion/)
- [4.1 Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/momentum-and-newton-s-laws-of-motion/)
- [4.2 Non-uniform motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/non-uniform-motion/)
- [5.1 Types of force](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/)
- [4.3 Linear momentum and its conservation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/linear-momentum-and-its-conservation/)

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## Paper FAQ

**How are the difficulty and complexity measures calculated?**

Each part is weighted by its official marks. Difficulty uses Easy 0.20, Medium 0.45 and Hard 0.75; algebraic complexity and text density and modelling use Low 0.20, Medium 0.45 and High 0.75. A Hard part worth 4 or more marks is down-weighted to marks^0.75, so the accessible starter steps inside a long structured question do not inflate the difficulty result. This paper's Difficulty Measure is 0.34 from 40 parts.

**What does the Difficulty Deviation show?**

It is the mark-weighted standard deviation of the part difficulty values around the paper mean. A value of 0 would mean every tagged part has the same difficulty; this paper's deviation is 0.14, so its parts are more mixed than a single-level paper.

**Is the Difficulty Ratio based on question counts or marks?**

It is based on official marks, not question counts. This paper's shares are 47.5% Easy, 50.0% Medium and 2.5% Hard; the three shares sum to 100% before rounding.

**Are these official difficulty ratings?**

No. They are derived from the platform's part-level difficulty and static-question-profile tags. They are not exam-board grade boundaries and are not calculated from candidate outcomes. Use them to compare the demand profile of papers, not to predict a grade.

**Why does each question row show its own measures?**

Each row recalculates the same mark-weighted formula from that question's parts. A single-part MCQ therefore shows the tag value directly, while a multi-part structured question blends the tags of its parts using the same Hard-part decay as the paper profile.

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