# 9702/13 October/November 2016

> 9702/13 October/November 2016: 40 questions, 40 marks. Difficulty 0.27, deviation 0.11, algebraic 0.24, text density 0.33. CIE IAL Physics 9702 P1.

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CIE IAL · Physics · 2016 October/November

This Physics 9702 Paper 1 (Multiple Choice) paper contains 40 questions worth 40 marks. The profile below reports five mark-weighted difficulty and complexity measures, and every question row repeats them. Full question text and mark scheme open in the Interactive Practice Hub.

- CIE IAL
- 9702 P1
- 40 questions
- 40 marks
- Free paper
- [Practise this paper](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891)
- [All 9702 P1 papers](https://www.examsci.com/past-papers/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/)

Core finding

**9702/13 October/November 2016 is a past paper for CIE IAL Physics 9702 Paper 1 (Multiple Choice), with 40 questions worth 40 marks.** Its mark-weighted Difficulty Measure is 0.27 on a 0.20–0.75 scale, with a Difficulty Deviation of 0.11 and a mark split of 70.0% Easy, 30.0% Medium and 0.0% Hard. Algebraic complexity averages 0.24; text density and modelling average 0.33. All five measures use 40 part-level tags, not candidate results. Every question row below repeats them and opens the Interactive Practice Hub for that question.

## Difficulty & complexity profile

All five measures are mark-weighted and calculated from 40 parts carrying 40 part marks. Difficulty tags cover 40 parts, algebraic tags 40 and text-density tags 40. Tags are internal metadata, not official exam-board ratings.

- **Difficulty Measure**: 0.27 — 0.20–0.75 · nearer Easy
- **Difficulty Deviation**: 0.11 — 0 = uniform; higher = more mixed
- **Difficulty Ratio**: 70.0 / 30.0 / 0.0 — % Easy / Medium / Hard
- **Algebraic Complexity Measure**: 0.24 — 0.20–0.75 · nearer Low
- **Text Density and Modelling Measure**: 0.33 — 0.20–0.75 · nearer Medium

Scale: Easy 0.20 · Medium 0.45 · Hard 0.75, and Low 0.20 · Medium 0.45 · High 0.75 for the two complexity measures. [How each band is defined and how the values are calculated →](https://www.examsci.com/guides/difficulty-and-complexity-measures/)

### Definitions and calculation

| Measure | Paper value | Formula |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Difficulty Measure** | 0.27 | Σ(d_i × w_i) / Σw_i, with d = 0.20 / 0.45 / 0.75 |
| **Difficulty Deviation** | 0.11 | √(Σw_i(d_i − μ)^2 / Σw_i) |
| **Difficulty Ratio** | 70.0% Easy / 30.0% Medium / 0.0% Hard | marks in band / all tagged marks |
| **Algebraic Complexity Measure** | 0.24 | Σ(c_i × marks_i) / Σmarks_i, with c = 0.20 / 0.45 / 0.75 |
| **Text Density and Modelling Measure** | 0.33 | Σ(t_i × marks_i) / Σmarks_i, with t = 0.20 / 0.45 / 0.75 |

w_i equals the part marks, except for a Hard part worth 4 or more marks, where w_i = marks^0.75 to offset the accessible starter steps inside long structured questions.

## Question list

Each measure is recalculated from the parts of that question and uses the same weights as the paper profile.

| Question | Topic | Marks | Difficulty Measure | Algebraic Complexity Measure | Text Density and Modelling Measure | Practice |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Q1** FRQ | [1.1 Physical quantities](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/physical-quantities/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=7254e3aa-b33f-43b5-ad71-df8c2f1d9702&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q2** FRQ | [1.2 SI units](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/si-units/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=36b487eb-b224-4062-bc85-3f60c04d1649&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q3** FRQ | [1.4 Scalars and vectors](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/scalars-and-vectors/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=238dbb71-7e15-4b27-bf4c-fa9c8bbd24be&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q4** FRQ | [2.1 Measurements](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=3eb21b43-0f79-4a4a-856e-f4076afc4bda&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q5** FRQ | [2.1 Measurements](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=46b8c814-4ffb-4f00-bd5e-9d8a6d24c91e&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q6** FRQ | [3.1 Equations of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equations-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=17a88350-11eb-4a65-9f23-d6e3f41676b2&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q7** FRQ | [3.1 Equations of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equations-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=9a0abe30-a853-410a-8459-0ea7cec6e9c1&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q8** FRQ | [3.1 Equations of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equations-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=c9a68e66-79ff-45de-9099-03130e235693&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q9** FRQ | [3.1 Equations of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equations-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=9cdc2628-0d62-4752-8045-3768da0b33bb&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q10** FRQ | [4.2 Non-uniform motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/non-uniform-motion/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=663788c6-2e94-4128-99a5-a318e9f38e7f&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q11** FRQ | [4.1 Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/momentum-and-newton-s-laws-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=380b0903-0069-4fa5-bb5d-b4ccb107397a&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q12** FRQ | [4.1 Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/momentum-and-newton-s-laws-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=35c92544-3c1e-4217-8f85-bd3d34c354f0&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q13** FRQ | [4.3 Linear momentum and its conservation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/linear-momentum-and-its-conservation/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=7805498a-0ab7-494c-adaf-b9f8cfc91bd5&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q14** FRQ | [5.4 Density and pressure](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/density-and-pressure/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=1962a430-5166-4138-9311-153fbdf97d2f&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q15** FRQ | [5.3 Equilibrium of forces](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equilibrium-of-forces/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=1a288ee0-c69a-40fe-8b62-3f73162660c9&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q16** FRQ | [5.3 Equilibrium of forces](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equilibrium-of-forces/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=e3bf5098-5b84-468d-8285-433253202885&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q17** FRQ | [6.2 Work and efficiency](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=26f21543-70d9-4bc5-9c93-366050f49140&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q18** FRQ | [6.2 Work and efficiency](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=480dd5e6-9270-4149-b46d-dfe7ae054467&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q19** FRQ | [6.1 Energy conversion and conservation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=fb520354-6380-4952-8fe4-664e6ebd03a2&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q20** FRQ | [6.2 Work and efficiency](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=191845c5-8a89-4efc-9c42-fc0d6f7d298b&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q21** FRQ | [9.2 Elastic and plastic behaviour](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/elastic-and-plastic-behaviour/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=72361fd5-9088-49e1-aeee-72f6c17031f9&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q22** FRQ | [9.1 Stress and strain](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/stress-and-strain/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=6030efb2-c268-45f4-aaba-82cfb9968477&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q23** FRQ | [14.5 Electromagnetic spectrum](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/electromagnetic-spectrum/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=230e488f-2606-47e1-aebe-eb960b4673ad&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q24** FRQ | [14.3 Determination of frequency and wavelength of sound waves](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=7d17f385-aff4-43ec-aab8-6d4b43b0449b&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q25** FRQ | [14.1 Progressive waves](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/progressive-waves/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=4884ffae-15e7-433c-9a6d-0fdcddfb93fd&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q26** FRQ | [14.4 Doppler effect](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=ec164f9b-a624-42e0-8a6d-c7599a7e4ae9&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q27** FRQ | [15.2 Diffraction](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/diffraction/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=117a5c23-0e5a-4dd8-baa1-02a58550b1d4&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q28** FRQ | [15.1 Stationary waves](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/stationary-waves/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=b5df2d1c-a88d-4689-be69-44c2daf9a01a&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q29** FRQ | [15.4 Diffraction gratings](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=eec5c672-b719-4732-81a3-0694bb91e55d&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q30** FRQ | [17.2 Uniform electric fields](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=db541474-d53f-495b-a53a-3e2b80f427d6&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q31** FRQ | [17.1 Concept of an electric field](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=b1b477ee-77bf-4740-bc1f-5195f37cbc4b&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q32** FRQ | [17.2 Uniform electric fields](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=16da1a8a-e87c-4fdc-8db7-20ec4b37146d&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q33** FRQ | [19.2 Potential difference and power](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/potential-difference-and-power/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=62c62138-3c05-4311-96e6-a49f6898d764&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q34** FRQ | [19.1 Electric current](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/electric-current/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=2bc6341b-6b02-4337-bae6-f57c3b3e702b&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q35** FRQ | [1.1 Physical quantities](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/physical-quantities/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=57e9bf49-da0e-4c49-97be-78baf2efc673&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q36** FRQ | [20.3 Potential dividers](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/potential-dividers/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=6950da2e-1bb0-4169-a5b6-3acfa4b0f6cf&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q37** FRQ | [20.2 Kirchhoff’s laws](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/kirchhoff-s-laws/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=5777736f-26d2-4cf2-bafa-25611bcbc546&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q38** FRQ | [26.2 Fundamental particles](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/fundamental-particles/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=b78ee3c4-6199-4ca3-8cd4-a01c8f0286e5&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q39** FRQ | [26.1 Atoms, nuclei and radiation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/atoms-nuclei-and-radiation/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=5de80e4b-9c8e-4fa1-9e12-8097dc30d0dc&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |
| **Q40** FRQ | [26.1 Atoms, nuclei and radiation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/atoms-nuclei-and-radiation/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=ddfd1aa0-a30b-4230-a078-e979a9164891&question_id=61494baf-6c07-49ae-b159-56cfa7372f4a&source_detail=9702%2F13+October%2FNovember+2016) |

## Topics in this paper

- [1.1 Physical quantities](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/physical-quantities/)
- [9.1 Stress and strain](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/stress-and-strain/)
- [1.2 SI units](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/si-units/)
- [1.4 Scalars and vectors](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/scalars-and-vectors/)
- [2.1 Measurements](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/)
- [2.2 Errors and uncertainties](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/errors-and-uncertainties/)
- [14.3 Determination of frequency and wavelength of sound waves](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/)
- [3.1 Equations of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equations-of-motion/)
- [4.1 Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/momentum-and-newton-s-laws-of-motion/)
- [4.2 Non-uniform motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/non-uniform-motion/)
- [4.3 Linear momentum and its conservation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/linear-momentum-and-its-conservation/)
- [5.4 Density and pressure](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/density-and-pressure/)

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## Paper FAQ

**How are the difficulty and complexity measures calculated?**

Each part is weighted by its official marks. Difficulty uses Easy 0.20, Medium 0.45 and Hard 0.75; algebraic complexity and text density and modelling use Low 0.20, Medium 0.45 and High 0.75. A Hard part worth 4 or more marks is down-weighted to marks^0.75, so the accessible starter steps inside a long structured question do not inflate the difficulty result. This paper's Difficulty Measure is 0.27 from 40 parts.

**What does the Difficulty Deviation show?**

It is the mark-weighted standard deviation of the part difficulty values around the paper mean. A value of 0 would mean every tagged part has the same difficulty; this paper's deviation is 0.11, so its parts are more mixed than a single-level paper.

**Is the Difficulty Ratio based on question counts or marks?**

It is based on official marks, not question counts. This paper's shares are 70.0% Easy, 30.0% Medium and 0.0% Hard; the three shares sum to 100% before rounding.

**Are these official difficulty ratings?**

No. They are derived from the platform's part-level difficulty and static-question-profile tags. They are not exam-board grade boundaries and are not calculated from candidate outcomes. Use them to compare the demand profile of papers, not to predict a grade.

**Why does each question row show its own measures?**

Each row recalculates the same mark-weighted formula from that question's parts. A single-part MCQ therefore shows the tag value directly, while a multi-part structured question blends the tags of its parts using the same Hard-part decay as the paper profile.

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