# 9702/11 May/June 2018

> 9702/11 May/June 2018: 40 questions, 40 marks. Difficulty 0.33, deviation 0.15, algebraic 0.21, text density 0.27. CIE IAL Physics 9702 P1.

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CIE IAL · Physics · 2018 May/June

This Physics 9702 Paper 1 (Multiple Choice) paper contains 40 questions worth 40 marks. The profile below reports five mark-weighted difficulty and complexity measures, and every question row repeats them. Full question text and mark scheme open in the Interactive Practice Hub.

- CIE IAL
- 9702 P1
- 40 questions
- 40 marks
- Free paper
- [Practise this paper](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a)
- [All 9702 P1 papers](https://www.examsci.com/past-papers/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/)

Core finding

**9702/11 May/June 2018 is a past paper for CIE IAL Physics 9702 Paper 1 (Multiple Choice), with 40 questions worth 40 marks.** Its mark-weighted Difficulty Measure is 0.33 on a 0.20–0.75 scale, with a Difficulty Deviation of 0.15 and a mark split of 55.0% Easy, 40.0% Medium and 5.0% Hard. Algebraic complexity averages 0.21; text density and modelling average 0.27. All five measures use 40 part-level tags, not candidate results. Every question row below repeats them and opens the Interactive Practice Hub for that question.

## Difficulty & complexity profile

All five measures are mark-weighted and calculated from 40 parts carrying 40 part marks. Difficulty tags cover 40 parts, algebraic tags 40 and text-density tags 40. Tags are internal metadata, not official exam-board ratings.

- **Difficulty Measure**: 0.33 — 0.20–0.75 · nearer Medium
- **Difficulty Deviation**: 0.15 — 0 = uniform; higher = more mixed
- **Difficulty Ratio**: 55.0 / 40.0 / 5.0 — % Easy / Medium / Hard
- **Algebraic Complexity Measure**: 0.21 — 0.20–0.75 · nearer Low
- **Text Density and Modelling Measure**: 0.27 — 0.20–0.75 · nearer Low

Scale: Easy 0.20 · Medium 0.45 · Hard 0.75, and Low 0.20 · Medium 0.45 · High 0.75 for the two complexity measures. [How each band is defined and how the values are calculated →](https://www.examsci.com/guides/difficulty-and-complexity-measures/)

### Definitions and calculation

| Measure | Paper value | Formula |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Difficulty Measure** | 0.33 | Σ(d_i × w_i) / Σw_i, with d = 0.20 / 0.45 / 0.75 |
| **Difficulty Deviation** | 0.15 | √(Σw_i(d_i − μ)^2 / Σw_i) |
| **Difficulty Ratio** | 55.0% Easy / 40.0% Medium / 5.0% Hard | marks in band / all tagged marks |
| **Algebraic Complexity Measure** | 0.21 | Σ(c_i × marks_i) / Σmarks_i, with c = 0.20 / 0.45 / 0.75 |
| **Text Density and Modelling Measure** | 0.27 | Σ(t_i × marks_i) / Σmarks_i, with t = 0.20 / 0.45 / 0.75 |

w_i equals the part marks, except for a Hard part worth 4 or more marks, where w_i = marks^0.75 to offset the accessible starter steps inside long structured questions.

## Question list

Each measure is recalculated from the parts of that question and uses the same weights as the paper profile.

| Question | Topic | Marks | Difficulty Measure | Algebraic Complexity Measure | Text Density and Modelling Measure | Practice |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Q1** FRQ | [1.2 SI units](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/si-units/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=04a3ad8c-b357-4ea1-8017-dc5867cef169&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q2** FRQ | [1.4 Scalars and vectors](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/scalars-and-vectors/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=920e9b57-f509-48a5-ba32-4ca39e33be9b&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q3** FRQ | [1.4 Scalars and vectors](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/scalars-and-vectors/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=96f8acda-615a-453b-9382-995be961a007&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q4** FRQ | [2.1 Measurements](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.75 Hard | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=2084e000-238f-498b-8132-661100fae2ee&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q5** FRQ | [2.2 Errors and uncertainties](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/errors-and-uncertainties/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=1eb906b5-7b4c-410e-b881-3378ccfff147&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q6** FRQ | [3.1 Equations of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equations-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=e86c1c93-4d86-4c7a-b3d9-b4af182bb70c&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q7** FRQ | [4.2 Non-uniform motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/non-uniform-motion/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=b4d61bf7-0254-46dd-9c85-f7f14f312c43&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q8** FRQ | [4.1 Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/momentum-and-newton-s-laws-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=7c5e0a43-aa23-4352-b3b8-19effea53d82&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q9** FRQ | [4.3 Linear momentum and its conservation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/linear-momentum-and-its-conservation/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=4f90d763-da5f-4324-837e-92c6031cc8b3&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q10** FRQ | [5.2 Turning effects of forces](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/turning-effects-of-forces/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=8263f825-87e6-4f19-8fc7-42ae70b95797&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q11** FRQ | [5.4 Density and pressure](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/density-and-pressure/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=87979542-48d4-4fa5-9c06-f168db7ff6e8&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q12** FRQ | [5.2 Turning effects of forces](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/turning-effects-of-forces/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=180b2ec8-5e9d-4f97-9cc2-25cf5932c73c&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q13** FRQ | [5.4 Density and pressure](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/density-and-pressure/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=6f6e248e-fb8e-4dd4-b85c-a6759535001c&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q14** FRQ | [5.1 Types of force](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=ea008c07-0ba8-44c0-ab29-324d8ffc0f8f&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q15** FRQ | [6.3 Potential energy and kinetic energy](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=687200ad-d32c-4034-9b46-ee5a77254d38&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q16** FRQ | [5.3 Equilibrium of forces](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equilibrium-of-forces/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=0b6cccd8-c8f3-42b6-a5f5-ef2c1f6151ce&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q17** FRQ | [6.4 Power](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=28c6286b-55f3-4424-bf63-b6bd4e7ad240&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q18** FRQ | [9.1 Stress and strain](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/stress-and-strain/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=1f429de8-5f35-42ae-8ea0-b45b884694e9&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q19** FRQ | [9.1 Stress and strain](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/stress-and-strain/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=5c63a12e-4ab0-4847-9fc1-b5c73fbabdea&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q20** FRQ | [14.1 Progressive waves](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/progressive-waves/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=d6fe59de-e09d-47f4-bb88-9ec9797ab902&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q21** FRQ | [14.5 Electromagnetic spectrum](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/electromagnetic-spectrum/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=45d44791-927f-4550-ab59-093121be572c&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q22** FRQ | [14.2 Transverse and longitudinal waves](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/transverse-and-longitudinal-waves/) | 1 | 0.75 Hard | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=230f3af7-b15e-40e7-a0df-194741df06cf&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q23** FRQ | [14.5 Electromagnetic spectrum](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/electromagnetic-spectrum/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=e6f7038b-ab2c-4b18-b402-1576c43422e9&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q24** FRQ | [14.4 Doppler effect](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=f6ecc9e2-33b9-4d61-a5f7-3568834a3ad7&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q25** FRQ | [15.3 Interference, two-source interference](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=9e06ba0b-e23a-4f79-a43a-d4c763dc220d&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q26** FRQ | [15.1 Stationary waves](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/stationary-waves/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=b2daa6da-5501-4db7-b9fd-e652c791bc72&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q27** FRQ | [15.1 Stationary waves](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/stationary-waves/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=8b52bb31-42eb-4f81-bf70-9be997749e3a&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q28** FRQ | [17.1 Concept of an electric field](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=b2bac470-98f0-42ba-9164-88a09814303d&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q29** FRQ | [17.2 Uniform electric fields](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=e0e22c5d-d5bb-4491-8ee7-5bc5dfeb60ad&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q30** FRQ | [19.1 Electric current](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/electric-current/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=8e900f7a-2f59-4f9a-a1f5-f675420ac64b&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q31** FRQ | [19.2 Potential difference and power](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/potential-difference-and-power/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=9fa4306e-3d95-4aa0-9194-988b5bb420e9&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q32** FRQ | [19.3 Resistance and resistivity](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/resistance-and-resistivity/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=f3b78f06-0b9b-4427-a89b-681dfb029c1a&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q33** FRQ | [20.2 Kirchhoff’s laws](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/kirchhoff-s-laws/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=289c6def-d7f7-4dac-9206-2e12d62d3cfb&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q34** FRQ | [20.2 Kirchhoff’s laws](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/kirchhoff-s-laws/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=6e327aab-8cf5-42fa-81a4-303feb171e44&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q35** FRQ | [20.2 Kirchhoff’s laws](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/kirchhoff-s-laws/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=41de06d6-3353-429a-ab91-60af149299b5&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q36** FRQ | [20.3 Potential dividers](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/potential-dividers/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=634c7b79-90d8-4438-a527-8891ebe750d4&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q37** FRQ | [19.3 Resistance and resistivity](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/resistance-and-resistivity/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=41faa79a-2be9-4c72-8b7e-07fadbe7a49b&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q38** FRQ | [26.2 Fundamental particles](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/fundamental-particles/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=6120683c-46ff-4c52-8579-305fb702faa1&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q39** FRQ | [26.1 Atoms, nuclei and radiation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/atoms-nuclei-and-radiation/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=b45c285c-aeb6-4341-9433-433894820b9c&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |
| **Q40** FRQ | [26.1 Atoms, nuclei and radiation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/atoms-nuclei-and-radiation/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=87ab1fdb-e61a-4cb1-ad28-0bc69fbe555a&question_id=27b29d7f-a6f2-4143-92b9-7f3f2715cce7&source_detail=9702%2F11+May%2FJune+2018) |

## Topics in this paper

- [1.2 SI units](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/si-units/)
- [9.1 Stress and strain](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/stress-and-strain/)
- [1.4 Scalars and vectors](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/scalars-and-vectors/)
- [2.1 Measurements](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/)
- [20.3 Potential dividers](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/potential-dividers/)
- [2.2 Errors and uncertainties](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/errors-and-uncertainties/)
- [3.1 Equations of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equations-of-motion/)
- [4.2 Non-uniform motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/non-uniform-motion/)
- [4.1 Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/momentum-and-newton-s-laws-of-motion/)
- [6.3 Potential energy and kinetic energy](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/)
- [4.3 Linear momentum and its conservation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/linear-momentum-and-its-conservation/)
- [5.2 Turning effects of forces](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/turning-effects-of-forces/)

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## Paper FAQ

**How are the difficulty and complexity measures calculated?**

Each part is weighted by its official marks. Difficulty uses Easy 0.20, Medium 0.45 and Hard 0.75; algebraic complexity and text density and modelling use Low 0.20, Medium 0.45 and High 0.75. A Hard part worth 4 or more marks is down-weighted to marks^0.75, so the accessible starter steps inside a long structured question do not inflate the difficulty result. This paper's Difficulty Measure is 0.33 from 40 parts.

**What does the Difficulty Deviation show?**

It is the mark-weighted standard deviation of the part difficulty values around the paper mean. A value of 0 would mean every tagged part has the same difficulty; this paper's deviation is 0.15, so its parts are more mixed than a single-level paper.

**Is the Difficulty Ratio based on question counts or marks?**

It is based on official marks, not question counts. This paper's shares are 55.0% Easy, 40.0% Medium and 5.0% Hard; the three shares sum to 100% before rounding.

**Are these official difficulty ratings?**

No. They are derived from the platform's part-level difficulty and static-question-profile tags. They are not exam-board grade boundaries and are not calculated from candidate outcomes. Use them to compare the demand profile of papers, not to predict a grade.

**Why does each question row show its own measures?**

Each row recalculates the same mark-weighted formula from that question's parts. A single-part MCQ therefore shows the tag value directly, while a multi-part structured question blends the tags of its parts using the same Hard-part decay as the paper profile.

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