# 9702/11 October/November 2018

> 9702/11 October/November 2018: 40 questions, 40 marks. Difficulty 0.33, deviation 0.14, algebraic 0.24, text density 0.29. CIE IAL Physics 9702 P1.

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CIE IAL · Physics · 2018 October/November

This Physics 9702 Paper 1 (Multiple Choice) paper contains 40 questions worth 40 marks. The profile below reports five mark-weighted difficulty and complexity measures, and every question row repeats them. Full question text and mark scheme open in the Interactive Practice Hub.

- CIE IAL
- 9702 P1
- 40 questions
- 40 marks
- Free paper
- [Practise this paper](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6)
- [All 9702 P1 papers](https://www.examsci.com/past-papers/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/)

Core finding

**9702/11 October/November 2018 is a past paper for CIE IAL Physics 9702 Paper 1 (Multiple Choice), with 40 questions worth 40 marks.** Its mark-weighted Difficulty Measure is 0.33 on a 0.20–0.75 scale, with a Difficulty Deviation of 0.14 and a mark split of 52.5% Easy, 45.0% Medium and 2.5% Hard. Algebraic complexity averages 0.24; text density and modelling average 0.29. All five measures use 40 part-level tags, not candidate results. Every question row below repeats them and opens the Interactive Practice Hub for that question.

## Difficulty & complexity profile

All five measures are mark-weighted and calculated from 40 parts carrying 40 part marks. Difficulty tags cover 40 parts, algebraic tags 40 and text-density tags 40. Tags are internal metadata, not official exam-board ratings.

- **Difficulty Measure**: 0.33 — 0.20–0.75 · nearer Medium
- **Difficulty Deviation**: 0.14 — 0 = uniform; higher = more mixed
- **Difficulty Ratio**: 52.5 / 45.0 / 2.5 — % Easy / Medium / Hard
- **Algebraic Complexity Measure**: 0.24 — 0.20–0.75 · nearer Low
- **Text Density and Modelling Measure**: 0.29 — 0.20–0.75 · nearer Low

Scale: Easy 0.20 · Medium 0.45 · Hard 0.75, and Low 0.20 · Medium 0.45 · High 0.75 for the two complexity measures. [How each band is defined and how the values are calculated →](https://www.examsci.com/guides/difficulty-and-complexity-measures/)

### Definitions and calculation

| Measure | Paper value | Formula |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Difficulty Measure** | 0.33 | Σ(d_i × w_i) / Σw_i, with d = 0.20 / 0.45 / 0.75 |
| **Difficulty Deviation** | 0.14 | √(Σw_i(d_i − μ)^2 / Σw_i) |
| **Difficulty Ratio** | 52.5% Easy / 45.0% Medium / 2.5% Hard | marks in band / all tagged marks |
| **Algebraic Complexity Measure** | 0.24 | Σ(c_i × marks_i) / Σmarks_i, with c = 0.20 / 0.45 / 0.75 |
| **Text Density and Modelling Measure** | 0.29 | Σ(t_i × marks_i) / Σmarks_i, with t = 0.20 / 0.45 / 0.75 |

w_i equals the part marks, except for a Hard part worth 4 or more marks, where w_i = marks^0.75 to offset the accessible starter steps inside long structured questions.

## Question list

Each measure is recalculated from the parts of that question and uses the same weights as the paper profile.

| Question | Topic | Marks | Difficulty Measure | Algebraic Complexity Measure | Text Density and Modelling Measure | Practice |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Q1** FRQ | [1.1 Physical quantities](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/physical-quantities/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=79c40435-df88-4cf9-a4f9-951653a5e66a&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q2** FRQ | [1.2 SI units](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/si-units/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=c17b1b0a-1887-4c76-a243-3318d002f811&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q3** FRQ | [1.4 Scalars and vectors](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/scalars-and-vectors/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=d6cea7cc-a0a9-45b5-ba7e-9d201130c4e5&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q4** FRQ | [2.1 Measurements](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=ccb46adf-ec66-47cb-818d-57d969e4a5a2&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q5** FRQ | [2.2 Errors and uncertainties](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/errors-and-uncertainties/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=87ca9831-791b-458f-8dda-73d633d768ed&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q6** FRQ | [3.1 Equations of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equations-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=cba067eb-0c27-4254-b0c4-2866f113714d&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q7** FRQ | [4.1 Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/momentum-and-newton-s-laws-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=3b85709d-5883-4713-aca6-819a85985f30&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q8** FRQ | [4.1 Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/momentum-and-newton-s-laws-of-motion/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=2dc07df7-a665-461b-abc5-75c83d3a4b0d&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q9** FRQ | [4.3 Linear momentum and its conservation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/linear-momentum-and-its-conservation/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=862a5202-4e29-4d93-b993-c320dde09633&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q10** FRQ | [17.1 Concept of an electric field](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=2dccb2a5-b1d6-4dbd-8299-77acdce1c70c&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q11** FRQ | [5.3 Equilibrium of forces](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equilibrium-of-forces/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=dead352c-e4ee-4cce-b10f-ab976d216e62&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q12** FRQ | [5.3 Equilibrium of forces](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equilibrium-of-forces/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=71affd40-b9b3-4f8c-9630-efe6c9af6176&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q13** FRQ | [5.4 Density and pressure](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/density-and-pressure/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=3f174b9e-7505-49f6-94f7-584b087cc038&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q14** FRQ | [6.1 Energy conversion and conservation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=a6a68577-b5e0-4882-a9d0-3652bc29481e&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q15** FRQ | [6.2 Work and efficiency](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=5ae7c4f6-2621-4d5b-8a67-bdaa6a5e3001&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q16** FRQ | [6.3 Potential energy and kinetic energy](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.75 Hard | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=4eb35efa-5a77-4afc-b8c4-a37ab4cb538b&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q17** FRQ | [6.4 Power](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=c12049fc-c252-4621-8f60-0efc1430ffaa&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q18** FRQ | [9.1 Stress and strain](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/stress-and-strain/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=c653bf81-614f-4298-a654-c15ff65b7f5d&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q19** FRQ | [9.1 Stress and strain](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/stress-and-strain/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=caa04691-837c-4eb1-9c5e-1a7ada1bf4b7&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q20** FRQ | [9.2 Elastic and plastic behaviour](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/elastic-and-plastic-behaviour/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=7aca540a-015c-4da2-a4b9-078098ff07f0&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q21** FRQ | [14.1 Progressive waves](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/progressive-waves/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=05dbe281-d89d-4c4c-a7a4-06ec1e7cc271&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q22** FRQ | [14.1 Progressive waves](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/progressive-waves/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=17d17611-113d-4c25-b75d-5f2e21bb9e5c&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q23** FRQ | [14.3 Determination of frequency and wavelength of sound waves](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=5cae31f2-616e-4dfb-8cc3-ab340cbd4573&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q24** FRQ | [14.4 Doppler effect](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=b8204432-95a9-417a-93bf-f5524f3ea04e&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q25** FRQ | [14.5 Electromagnetic spectrum](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/electromagnetic-spectrum/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=a3ea43ed-2db1-46c7-a87b-d8baf1276ca8&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q26** FRQ | [15.1 Stationary waves](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/stationary-waves/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=4e184c94-8e48-45f6-8caf-4d442b12ec83&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q27** FRQ | [15.2 Diffraction](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/diffraction/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=a0df5987-6b68-421a-b869-a85649f793c2&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q28** FRQ | [15.3 Interference, two-source interference](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=43968e3b-9fb4-4d25-8a41-315364997a48&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q29** FRQ | [15.4 Diffraction gratings](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=9c4856ee-edcb-4eff-8af1-92ec5ba07f9f&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q30** FRQ | [17.1 Concept of an electric field](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=88b9f25c-3798-4667-884f-8b09c8b7046c&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q31** FRQ | [17.2 Uniform electric fields](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=f447e0a5-f62a-4f79-a0c6-10370ce31806&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q32** FRQ | [17.2 Uniform electric fields](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=6a54bbb5-af4b-41d0-ac6b-9fc591a11749&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q33** FRQ | [19.1 Electric current](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/electric-current/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=3bc1080f-efb6-411b-9772-fe1b7b664f46&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q34** FRQ | [19.2 Potential difference and power](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/potential-difference-and-power/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=8e31cc2e-e8a8-491e-945c-5453db796230&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q35** FRQ | [19.3 Resistance and resistivity](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/resistance-and-resistivity/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=d6181304-b4b8-413d-8f50-0f557fb17618&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q36** FRQ | [20.1 Practical circuits](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/practical-circuits/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=74ec27c9-2771-4d03-b451-d63978f08127&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q37** FRQ | [20.2 Kirchhoff’s laws](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/kirchhoff-s-laws/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=546f2e0b-fb06-4f86-9a0f-ad89f6211510&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q38** FRQ | [20.3 Potential dividers](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/potential-dividers/) | 1 | 0.45 Medium | 0.20 Low | 0.45 Medium | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=a1325360-b904-4d1b-a8a2-3c3a706bccb5&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q39** FRQ | [26.1 Atoms, nuclei and radiation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/atoms-nuclei-and-radiation/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=877541fb-d58c-4760-8d74-d0b7a5b6e948&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |
| **Q40** FRQ | [26.2 Fundamental particles](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/fundamental-particles/) | 1 | 0.20 Easy | 0.20 Low | 0.20 Low | [Go to Practice Hub](https://www.examsci.com/practice?set_id=d3a6ef63-0d0d-4fcc-9917-33148283c4f6&question_id=22def33c-9596-4f70-afec-093dd6080794&source_detail=9702%2F11+October%2FNovember+2018) |

## Topics in this paper

- [1.1 Physical quantities](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/physical-quantities/)
- [1.2 SI units](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/si-units/)
- [1.4 Scalars and vectors](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/scalars-and-vectors/)
- [2.1 Measurements](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/)
- [2.2 Errors and uncertainties](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/errors-and-uncertainties/)
- [3.1 Equations of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equations-of-motion/)
- [4.2 Non-uniform motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/non-uniform-motion/)
- [4.1 Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/momentum-and-newton-s-laws-of-motion/)
- [4.3 Linear momentum and its conservation](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/linear-momentum-and-its-conservation/)
- [17.1 Concept of an electric field](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/)
- [5.3 Equilibrium of forces](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/equilibrium-of-forces/)
- [5.4 Density and pressure](https://www.examsci.com/topics/cie-ial/physics/9702-paper-1/density-and-pressure/)

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## Paper FAQ

**How are the difficulty and complexity measures calculated?**

Each part is weighted by its official marks. Difficulty uses Easy 0.20, Medium 0.45 and Hard 0.75; algebraic complexity and text density and modelling use Low 0.20, Medium 0.45 and High 0.75. A Hard part worth 4 or more marks is down-weighted to marks^0.75, so the accessible starter steps inside a long structured question do not inflate the difficulty result. This paper's Difficulty Measure is 0.33 from 40 parts.

**What does the Difficulty Deviation show?**

It is the mark-weighted standard deviation of the part difficulty values around the paper mean. A value of 0 would mean every tagged part has the same difficulty; this paper's deviation is 0.14, so its parts are more mixed than a single-level paper.

**Is the Difficulty Ratio based on question counts or marks?**

It is based on official marks, not question counts. This paper's shares are 52.5% Easy, 45.0% Medium and 2.5% Hard; the three shares sum to 100% before rounding.

**Are these official difficulty ratings?**

No. They are derived from the platform's part-level difficulty and static-question-profile tags. They are not exam-board grade boundaries and are not calculated from candidate outcomes. Use them to compare the demand profile of papers, not to predict a grade.

**Why does each question row show its own measures?**

Each row recalculates the same mark-weighted formula from that question's parts. A single-part MCQ therefore shows the tag value directly, while a multi-part structured question blends the tags of its parts using the same Hard-part decay as the paper profile.

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